JavaиXMLĵĳ÷

[Դ]Ա []ժ [ʱ]2005-11-10

Ƽȼ

ļҪJavaԱиXMLĵֳ÷,ҷַӡ,ĻοJavaXMLĵĸʽչ

JAXPJava API for XML ProcessingӢͷд,ĺ:XMLĵʹJavaԱдı̽ӿڡJAXP֧DOMSAXXSLTȱ׼ΪǿJAXPʹϵ,رΪJAXPһPluggability Layer,Pluggability Layer֧֮,JAXPȿԺ;ʵDOM APISAX API ĸXML(XML Parser,Apache Xerces)Ϲ,ֿԺ;ִXSLT׼XSLT(XSLT Processor,Apache Xalan)ϹӦPluggability Layerĺô:ֻҪϤJAXP̽ӿڵĶ弴,ҪõľXMLXSLTк˽⡣ĳJava,ͨJAXPXMLApache CrimsonXMLĵд,ϣʹñXML(Apache Xerces),Ա߸ó,ôԭܲҪκθı,ֱӾͿʹ(ҪֻǽApache Xercesjarļ뵽CLASSPATH,Apache CrimsonjarļڻCLASSPATHɾ)

ĿǰJAXPѾӦõʮձ,˵JavaдXMLĵı׼APIЩѧѧϰʹJAXPĹ,:ұдĳDOM Tree˸,ǵ˳Ժ,ԭʼXMLĵûиı,,ʵֶԭʼXMLĵDOM Treeͬ?զһ,JAXPƺûṩӦĽӿ//,Ǻܶѧ߶е⡣ĵּڽ,򵥵ĽֳܼõͬԭʼXMLĵDOM TreeķΪС۵ķΧ,漰XMLApache CrimsonApache Xerces,XSLTʹApache Xalan

һ:ֱӶдXMLĵ

Ҳԭʼİ취ˡȡDOM Tree֮,ӦDOMģ͵NodeӿڵĸDOM Treeи,һӦöԭʼXMLĵиˡǿõݹİ취ӦTreeWalker,DOM Tree,ͬʱ,DOM Treeÿһڵ/Ԫд뵽Ԥȴ򿪵ԭʼXMLĵ,DOM Treeȫ֮,DOM TreeԭʼXMLĵʵͬ¡ʵ,ʹ,ҪʵԼXML,ַпõϵġ

:ʹXmlDocument

ʹXmlDocument?JAXPзûѽ!ǲ߸?ûд!ʹXmlDocument,ȷе˵,ʹXmlDocumentwrite()

Ѿᵽ,JAXPԺ͸ָXMLʹ,ѡõXMLApache CrimsonXmlDocument(org.apache.crimson.tree.XmlDocument)Apache Crimsonһ,ڱ׼JAXP,ѹJAXPĵҲXmlDocumentķء,ӦXmlDocumentʵָXMLĵĹ?XmlDocumentṩwrite()(Crimsonµİ汾------Apache Crimson 1.1.3):

public void write (OutputStream out) throws IOException
public void write (Writer out) throws IOException
public void write (Writer out, String encoding) throws IOException

write()ҪþDOM Treeеݵض,ļӦǫ́ȵȡôʹwrite()?뿴JavaƬ:

String name="fancy";
DocumentBuilder parser;
DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
try
{
parser = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
Document doc = parser.parse("user.xml");
Element newlink=doc.createElement(name);
doc.getDocumentElement().appendChild(newlink);
((XmlDocument)doc).write(new FileOutputStream(new File("xuser1.xml")));
}
catch (Exception e)
{
//to log it
}

Ĵ,ȴһDocumentdoc,ȡDOM Tree,ȻӦNodeӿڵappendChild(),DOM Tree׷һ½ڵ(fancy),XmlDocumentwrite(OutputStream out),DOM Treeеxuser.xml(ʵҲuser.xml,ԭʼXMLĵ,Ϊ˱Ա,ʶxuser.xmlļ)ҪעǲֱӶDocumentdocֱӵwrite(),ΪJAXPDocumentӿڲûжκwrite(),Ա뽫docDocumentǿתΪXmlDocument,Ȼܵwrite(),Ĵʹõwrite(OutputStream out),ʹȱʡUTF-8DOM Treeеݵض,DOM Treeаַ,ôĽп,༴ν"",İ취ʹwrite (Writer out, String encoding),ʽָʱı,罫ڶΪ"GB2312",ʱ"",ܹʾַ

οļ: AddRecord.java()user.xml()ӵлΪ:Windows XP ProfessionalJDK 1.3.1ΪܹAddRecord.java,Ҫַhttp://xml.apache.org/dist/crimson/ȥApache Crimson,ȡcrimson.jarļ뵽CLASSPATHС

ע:

Apache CrimsonǰSun Project X Parser,֪ι,X ParserݱΪApache Crimson,Apache Crimsonĺܶ붼ǴX ParserֱֲġõXmlDocument,X Parsercom.sun.xml.XmlDocument,Apache Crimsonҡһ,ͱorg.apache.crimson.tree.XmlDocument,ʵǵľ󲿷ִһ,ܾpackageimportԼļͷһlienceͬѡڵJAXPǺX Parserһ,һЩϵĳʹcom.sun.xml,±,пܲͨ,϶Ϊԭ򡣺JAXPApache Crimsonһ,JAXP 1.1,ʹJAXP 1.1,ôҪApache Crimson,Ҳܹ(AddRecord.java)µJAXP 1.2 EA(Early Access)Ҹ,ܸõApache XalanApache XercesֱΪXSLTXML,ֱ֧Apache Crimson,ĿJAXP 1.2 EAJava XML Pack(ںJAXP 1.2 EA),ô޷ֱӱ(AddRecord.java),ҪزװApache Crimson

:ʹTransformerFactoryTransformer

JAXPṩı׼ĸԭʼXMLĵķǵXSLT,༴ʹTransformerFactoryTransformerࡣ뿴JavaƬ:

//ȴһDOMSource,ù캯ĲһDocument
//docĺDOM Tree
DOMSource doms = new DOMSource (doc);

//һFile,DOM Treeݵ,һXMLļ
File f = new File ("XMLOutput.xml");

//һStreamResult,ù캯ĲȡΪFile
StreamResult sr = new StreamResult (f);

//JAXPеXSLTʵDOM TreeеݵXMLļеĹܡ
//XSLTΪDOMSource,ΪStreamResut
try
{
//ȴһTransformerFactory,ɴ˴TransformerTransformer
//൱һXSLT档ͨʹXSLļ,ʹ
//XMLĵ
TransformerFactory tf=TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer t=tf.newTransformer ();

//ؼһ, Transformer (XSLT)transform(),÷ĵһ
//DOMSource,ڶStreamResult
t.transform(doms,sr);
}
catch (TransformerConfigurationException tce)
{
System.out.println("Transformer Configuration Exception\n-----");
tce.printStackTrace();
}
catch (TransformerException te)
{
System.out.println ("Transformer Exception\n---------");
te.printStackTrace ();
}

ʵʵӦ,ǿӦôͳDOM APIXMLĵлȡDOM Tree,ȻʵʵDOM Treeִиֲ,õյDocument,ɴDocument󴴽DOMSource,ʣµհĴ,Ϻ, XMLOutput.xmlҪĽ(Ȼ,StreamResult๹캯Ĳ,ָͬ,ǧƪһɵXMLĵ)

ĺôڿĿDOM Treeееĸʽ,ǹ⿿TransformerFactoryTransformerಢʵ,ҪOutputKeysİ οļ: AddRecord2.java()user.xml()ӵлΪ:Windows XP ProfessionalJDK 1.3.1ΪܹAddRecord2.java,Ҫַhttp://java.sun.comȥذװJAXP 1.1Java XML Pack(Java XML PackѾںJAXP)

OutputKeys

javax.xml.transform.OutputKeysjava.util.Propertiesʹ,ԿJAXPXSLT(Transformer)XMLĵĸʽ뿴ĴƬ:

//ȴһTransformerFactory,ɴ˴Transformer
TransformerFactory tf=TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer t=tf.newTransformer ();

//ȡTransformser,༴XSLTȱʡ,һ
//java.util.Properties
Properties properties = t.getOutputProperties();

//µ:ַΪGB2312,ַ֧,XSLT
//XMLĵַ,ʾ,ν""
//OutputKeysַOutputKeys.ENCODING
properties.setProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING,"GB2312");

/XSLTԡ
t.setOutputProperties(properties);

//XSLT,е,DOM TreeеݵС
t.transform(DOMSource_Object,StreamResult_Object);

ĳ,ǲѿ,ͨXSLT(Transformer),ԿDOM Treeеݵʽ,ǶǺаġôJAXPXSLT(Transformer)ЩԿ? javax.xml.transform.OutputKeysඨ˺ַܶ,Ƕǿõ,õʾ:

public static final java.lang.String METHOD

Ϊ"xml""html""text"ֵ

public static final java.lang.String VERSION

ѭ淶İ汾,METHODΪ"xml",ôֵӦΪ"1.0",METHODΪ"html",ôֵӦΪ"4.0",METHODΪ"text",ôԻᱻԡ

public static final java.lang.String ENCODING

ʱõı뷽ʽ,"GB2312""UTF-8"ȵ,Ϊ"GB2312",Խν""

public static final java.lang.String OMIT_XML_DECLARATION

XMLĵʱǷXML,༴:

Ĵ롣ѡֵ"yes""no"

public static final java.lang.String INDENT

IDENT趨XSLTXMLĵʱ,ǷԶӶĿո,ѡֵΪ"yes""no"

public static final java.lang.String MEDIA_TYPE

MEDIA_TYPE趨ĵMIME͡

趨XSLT?ܽһ:

ǻȡXSLT(Transformer)ȱʡԵļ,ҪʹTransformergetOutputProperties(),ֵһjava.util.Properties

Properties properties = transformer.getOutputProperties();

Ȼ趨µ,:

properties.setProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING,"GB2312");
properties.setProperty(OutputKeys.METHOD,"html");
properties.setProperty(OutputKeys.VERSION,"4.0");

ǸXSLT(Transformer)ȱʡԵļ,ҪʹTransformersetOutputProperties(),һjava.util.Properties

Ǳдһµĳ,ӦOutputKeys,ԿXSLT,óļܹǰһ(AddRecord3.java)ͬ,вͬĴοļ: AddRecord3.java()user.xml()ӵлΪ:Windows XP ProfessionalJDK 1.3.1ΪܹAddRecord3.java,Ҫַhttp://java.sun.comȥذװJAXP 1.1Java XML Pack(Java XML PackںJAXP)

:ʹXalan XML Serializer

ʵǷһ,ҪApache XalanApache Xercesֲ֧ܹСӴʾ:

//ȴһDOMSource,ù캯ĲһDocument
//docĺDOM Tree
DOMSource domSource = new DOMSource (doc);

//һDOMResult,ʱXSLT
DOMResult domResult = new DOMResult();

//JAXPеXSLTʵDOM TreeеݵXMLļеĹܡ
//XSLTΪDOMSource,ΪDOMResut
try
{
//ȴһTransformerFactory,ɴ˴TransformerTransformer
//൱һXSLT档ͨʹXSLļ,ʹ
//XMLĵ
TransformerFactory tf=TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer t=tf.newTransformer ();

//XSLT(ز,"")
Properties properties = t.getOutputProperties();
properties.setProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING,"GB2312");
t.setOutputProperties(properties);

//ؼһ, Transformer (XSLT)transform(),÷ĵһ
//DOMSource,ڶDOMResult
t.transform(domSource,domResult);

//ȱʡXalan XML Serializer,ʹʱDOMResult
//(domResult)еʽС
Serializer serializer = SerializerFactory.getSerializer
(OutputProperties.getDefaultMethodProperties("xml"));

//Xalan XML Serializer,һز,Ҳܲ
//ν""
Properties prop=serializer.getOutputFormat();
prop.setProperty("encoding","GB2312");
serializer.setOutputFormat(prop);

//һFile,DOM Treeݵ,һXMLļ
File f = new File ("xuser3.xml");

//ļfos,⹹캯Ĳ
FileOutputStream fos=new FileOutputStream(f);

//Xalan XML Serializer
serializer.setOutputStream(fos);

//л
serializer.asDOMSerializer().serialize(domResult.getNode());
}
catch (Exception tce)
{
tce.printStackTrace();
}

̫,ƺе㻭,ǾͲչˡοļ: AddRecord4.java()user.xml()ӵлΪ:Windows XP ProfessionalJDK 1.3.1ΪܹAddRecord4.java,Ҫַhttp://xml.apache.org/dist/ȥذװApache XalanApache Xerces

ǵַhttp://java.sun.com/xml/download.htmlȥذװJava XML PackΪµJava XML Pack(Winter 01 )Apache XalanApache Xercesڡ

:

ļԵJavaԱиXMLĵַһֱַӶдXMLļ,ַʮַ,ұȽ׳,ʹ,ҪԼXML Parser,򲻻ʹַڶַʹApache CrimsonXmlDocument,ַΪ,ʹ÷,ѡApache CrimsonΪXML,ôʹַ,ַƺЧʲ(ԴЧʵµApache Crimson),,߰汾JAXPJava XML PackJWSDPֱ֧Apache Crimson,༴ַͨáַʹJAXPXSLT(Transformer)XMLĵ,ַҲǱ׼ķ,ʹʮ,رǿʽ,Ƽַַǵַı,Xalan XML Serializer,˴л,ڴĵ޸/Խ,ϧҪظXSLTԺXML Serializer,Ƚ鷳,Apache XalanApache Xerces,ͨԲ㡣

۵ַ,ʵӦñAPI(JDOMCastorXML4JOracle XML Parser V2)Ҳкܶ취ԸXMLĵ,ƪ,Ͳһһˡ

οԼԴ:

[1]The Java Web Services Tutorial, Sun Microsystems Inc.

[2]http://xml.apache.org,Apache XML Project(CrimsonXercesXalan)

[3]http://www.jguru.com,XML Forum

[4]http://forum.java.sun.com,Java Technology & XML Forum

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